Question
What is the scope of a fatwa? Is a fatwa applicable to the whole muslim ummah or just the muslims residing in a particular region? If it is the latter, then how big is the region?
Who is qualified to issue a fatwa? What is the basis of his/her qualification?
How binding is it for muslims to follow this fatwa?
If the fatwa conflicts with the law of the land, what is a muslim supposed to do?
Answer
The scope of a fatwa is binding upon those who accept it. The fatwa is not binding upon the entire Ummah (i.e. Muslim Community) or even in a region unless it becomes part of the law. The size of the region is of no significance only when the region is defined and under a law then the law will rule the boundaries of the state.
There are no specific qualifications. However, a prudent person should not take any fatwa from an unlearned individual. He should accept it from one whom he trusts and believes will give the best opinion according to sound knowledge. The basis of the knowledge is to be determined by the people who hear the fatwas of the person.
It is not binding for any Muslim to follow anyone’s fatwa.
Any fatwa that conflicts with the law of the land would not have to be followed by the Muslims. Every Muslim should abide by the society’s rules in which they reside. The fatwa that goes against this should not be followed.
Hope we have answered your question
God knows best.
UIUK team
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